Types
Calling type(foo)
returns the actual class object of which foo
is an instance (that is, not foo’s class’s name (a string), but rather the actual class object).
type(3) #=> int
type(3.1) #=> float
type('hi') #=> str
type([1,2]) #=> list
type((5,7)) #=> tuple
type({'a': 1}) #=> dict
type(set(8,9)) #=> set
def f(x): pass
type(f) #=> function
type(max) #=> builtin_function_or_method
import sys
type(sys) #=> module
Note that although you usually capitalize the names of your own types/classes, by Python convention those built-in types above are all named lowercase.
Ints automatically widen to floats. To convert between other types, pass the object to the new type’s constructor.